\u003c/strong>Direct liquid cooling, also known as direct to chip (DTC) utilizes pipes that deliver dielectric liquid to a cold plate that sits on top of the CPU/GPU to draw off the heat. The extracted heat is then transferred to a chilled-water loop and expelled outside. In this case, a portion (50%-75%) of the heat is absorbed in a liquid loop, while the remainder of the heat is removed via traditional room-based air-cooling units. Since traditional air cooling is needed to remove the remaining heat, either hot- or cold-aisle containment will be needed for these deployments.\u003c/h4>\u003ch4 >\u003cstrong >Air-assisted liquid cooling\u003cbr />\u003c/strong>Air-assisted liquid cooling (AALC) technology can assist data center designers and managers that need to cool high-density racks but don’t want to make the shift to liquid cooling. AALC can extend the life of existing air-cooled and new high-performance computing (HPC) facilities serving as a transitional shift to liquid cooling while still using traditional air cooling (CRACs, CRAHs, fan walls, etc.) to flood the data center with cold supply air. \u003c/h4>\u003cp >Several large hyperscale centers are already considering AALC, since it can cool between 45 kW and 55 kW per rack in some cases. An internal reservoir pump unit (RPU) and heat exchanger assist the existing air cooling to cool these higher densities without the need to run piping with liquid to and from the racks. Hot-aisle containment will be needed when using AALC. The small RPU that is located at the bottom of each rack is important, since it means that liquid and its associated piping do not have to be brought into the data center. The RPU is, instead, a self-contained unit that can easily be maintained and replaced if needed.\u003c/p>\u003ch3 >Future-proofing\u003c/h3>\u003cp >Once again, how do we move forward? There’s no clear-cut answer. The choice will really be dependent on each data center facility and if they’ll be cooling both high-density and regular-density ITE. It will not be a one-size-fits-all solution. \u003c/p>\u003cp >In order to achieve cooling future-proofing for both current and future designs, data center designers and managers will want to separate high- and low-density ITE in the room. Future-proofing also highlights the need for data center designers and architects to take a holistic approach to cooling. It shouldn’t be a case of considering only air or only liquid cooling. Instead, the key is to understand the tradeoffs of each cooling technology and what makes the most sense for each individual business case. This is how we’ll drive future efficiency — it's not just one type of cooling versus the other, but the two working cohesively. \u003c/p>","children":[]},"type":"text","cl":"text pSRg7zWZby"},{"key":"emcqtkjWgTo","content":{"children":[]},"type":"section","children":["eYOn86EJivo"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"evc0Cq4tBub","content":{"children":[],"cont":{"tablet":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1610120565918,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1.2,"delay":0.5,"translateY":["10%","0"],"preset":"slide","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"desktop":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1610120565918,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1.2,"delay":0.5,"translateY":["10%","0"],"preset":"slide","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}},"mobile":{"params":{"trigger":"Load","updated":1610120565918,"LoadAnimation":{"duration":1.2,"delay":0.5,"translateY":["10%","0"],"preset":"slide","opacity":[0,1],"easing":"easeOutQuart"}}}}},"type":"w75y8u1c","cl":"w75y8u1c"},{"key":"e5bgZeEUeg-","content":{"text":"\u003cp >\u003cstrong >Gordon Johnson\u003c/strong> is the senior CFD engineer at Subzero Engineering and is responsible for planning and managing all CFD-related jobs in the U.S. and worldwide. He has over 25 years of experience in the data center industry, which includes data center energy efficiency assessments, CFD modeling, and disaster recovery. He is a certified U.S. Department of Energy Data Center Energy Practitioner (DCEP), a certified Data Centre Design Professional (CDCDP), and holds a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering from the New Jersey Institute of Technology. Johnson also brings his knowledge and ability to teach the fundamentals of data center energy efficiency to numerous public speaking events annually.\u003c/p>","children":[]},"type":"text","actions":["evc0Cq4tBub"],"cl":"text 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>Table Of Contents\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","children":[]},"type":"text","actions":["eeex9KSR6e4"],"cl":"text"},{"key":"esTl_nnWb5E","content":{"text":"\u003cp >February 2024\u003c/p>","children":[]},"type":"text","cl":"text"},{"key":"e10dxJxoZgV","content":{"children":[],"link":{"mode":0,"page":"pFqfcaivZjx"}},"type":"external-link","cl":"external-link"},{"key":"eMBwyXFjvlJ","content":{"src":{"key":"zwI7tX41J","url":"https://cdn.vev.design/private/KaxzywoIf0Rx41JdO6oEbX8EsUI3/images/zwI7tX41J/2100.png","ratio":null},"children":[]},"type":"image","actions":["e10dxJxoZgV"],"cl":"image"},{"key":"edYxsaNNQNF","content":{"children":[]},"type":"section","children":["edJCXrqeV-2","esTl_nnWb5E","eMBwyXFjvlJ"],"cl":"section"},{"key":"p1TBDgvz7cO","children":["eI0QGkI5Jff","esoT0oyDoFV","eYsvV4oDzaB","e8F2m6tk0xf","emcqtkjWgTo","eyjOewSMF9z","edYxsaNNQNF"]},{"key":"eWAIFI62VK6","content":{"pageMenu":"hEcyRF6cOU"},"type":"w1br1l0lsu-u06","icons":{"menu":[448,512,"M442 114H6a6 6 0 0 1-6-6V84a6 6 0 0 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